Optics – Michelson Interferometer


A gas-filled cell of length 5 cm is inserted in one arm of a Michelson interferometer as shown in the figure. The interferometer is illuminated by light of wavelength 500 nanometers. As the gas is evacuated from the cell, 40 fringes cross a point in the field of view. The refractive index of this gas is most nearly?

A. 1.02
B. 1.002
C. 1.0002
D. 1.00002
E. 0.98
(GR9277 #96)
Solution:

Michelson interferometer, 2Δ
L/λ

Nvac L/λvac
Ngas L/λgas

λgas λvac/n
Ngas L/λgas  Ln/λvac

ΔN Ngas − Nvac
Ln/λvac  Ln/λvac
L/λvac (n − 1)

Given:
Δ= 5 cm = 5 × 10−2 m
ΔN = 40 fringes
λvac = 500 nm  = 5 × 10−7 m

40 = [2(5 × 10−2)/(5 × 10−7)](n − 1)
40 = (2 × 105)(n − 1)
40/(2 × 105) = n − 1
2 × 10−4 n − 1
n = 0.0002 + 1 = 1.0002

Answer: C

No comments :